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Estrogens Definition and history The
2019-11-15
Estrogens: Definition and history The term “estrogens” refers to a group of female hormones, including estrone, estradiol, estriol, and estretrol (Fig. 1). Chemically, estrogens belong to the family of organic compounds known as steroids. As such, their core structure is composed of 17 carbon-carbo
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ER stress was monitored by both an increase of the
2019-11-14
ER stress was monitored by both an increase of the ER chaperone (GRP78, GRP94) and the activation of the ER resident caspase-12. ER stress response (also known as the unfolded protein response) is a defense mechanism against various cellular stresses which causes accumulation of unfolded proteins in
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In this study we have explored a functional role of
2019-11-14
In this study we have explored a functional role of the oxysterol/EBI2 system in this process. In 2011 we and others reported the discovery of oxysterols as ligands for EBI2 [6], [7]. Oxysterols are metabolites generated by hydroxylation of cholesterol and have been linked to a variety of fundamenta
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br Experimental Procedures br Author
2019-11-14
Experimental Procedures Author Contributions Acknowledgments Introduction Oxysterols came to prominence in the late 1970\'s with the oxysterol hypothesis which proposed that the suppressive effect of cholesterol on its own synthesis is mediated through oxysterols not by cholesterol itsel
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Here we describe preparation of three
2019-11-14
Here, we describe preparation of three stable conjugates that are linked by either oxyester, disulfide, or isopeptide bonds (Fig. 10.1). Each of these conjugates depends upon the prior purification of E2 and ubiquitin proteins that have been engineered to favor specific linkages. For the oxyester- a
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sirolimus solubility br Materials and methods br Results br
2019-11-14
Materials and methods Results Discussion Natural compounds and their derivatives have been investigated as candidates for the treatment of bone diseases and can also be the sources of nutraceutical agents and therapeutic agents [28]. Using peptides as therapeutic effects on bone-related dis
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Several DA receptors heteromers with a therapeutic potential
2019-11-14
Several DA receptors heteromers with a therapeutic potential have been described, including D1R/D3R (Fiorentini et al., 2010), but their roles remain to be established. Moreover, most studies on receptor heteromers in addiction focused on the striatum because of its key role in the pathology and its
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Several reports have exploited the application of HRM
2019-11-14
Several reports , , , , have exploited the application of HRM for detecting differentially methylated DNA. Even though DNA methylation analysis by HRM cannot determine the methylation status of individual CpGs, it does provide a robust and inexpensive method to differentiate DNA based on the overal
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Because of the complexity of DNA damage and its
2019-11-14
Because of the complexity of DNA damage and its repair, several pathways are candidates in HN2-induced DPC repair. Considering the 23kDa molecular weight of MGMT, NER may be ineffective for MGMT-adduct removal. This presumption is supported by that the mRNA level of ERCC1, a core gene in NER pathway
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We also discovered important clues
2019-11-14
We also discovered important clues to domain SQ 22536 of DGKs and how to exploit these regions for development of DGKα-selective inhibitors. The identification of a probe-modified site at the C1 domain provided the first evidence of a ligand binding site remote from the ATP binding region of DGKs.
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The in vivo IC M in the adipose
2019-11-14
The in vivo IC (0.0003μM) in the adipose tissue assay is in very good agreement with the in vitro IC (0.0005μM), and it is larger than the one measured in the OLTT assay (0.00005μM) for this compound. These differences in in vivo IC between OLTT and TAG synthesis are expected as we used free 193 2 c
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Cystatins are potent inhibitors of cysteine
2019-11-14
Cystatins are potent inhibitors of cysteine proteases from the C1A family. These inhibitors primarily reduce the activities of cathepsin L-like proteases, although high concentration of barley cystatin hampers the degradation of storage proteins caused by cathepsin F-like protein (HvPap-1) (Cambra e
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Although several examples of selective reduction of diazoest
2019-11-14
Although several examples of selective wdr5 of α-diazoesters to α-hydrazonoesters have been described in the literature, reports on practical and general examples of such a process are scarce. In this context, there was a need to devise a mild and general method for the selective reduction of α-dia
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Veliparib dihydrochloride br Conflict of interest statement
2019-11-14
Conflict of interest statement References and recommended reading Papers of particular interest, published within the period of review, have been highlighted as: Acknowledgements We acknowledge financial support by the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (Federal
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br RING dimerization RING type domains are found in
2019-11-14
RING dimerization RING-type domains are found in many different structural contexts. While many exist as single-chain BOP reagent (Fig. 3A), a notable feature of RING-type E3s is their tendency to form homodimers and heterodimers (Fig. 3C–F). Homodimeric RING-type E3s include cIAP, RNF4, BIRC7 (
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