• So what can we glean

  2020-04-07

  

  So what can we glean from this illuminative foray into how Chk1 and MK2 participate in checkpoint control? First and foremost, this work reveals that Patchouli alcohol deficient in the tumor suppressor p53 contain two spatially distinct G2/M phase checkpoint control kinase networks. This provides c

• Introduction The physiological significance of hypoxia is un

  2020-04-07

  

  Introduction The physiological significance of hypoxia is undisputed, although largely over looked in the cancer therapeutics field focused on DNA-damage induced by ionizing radiation or drug treatment. Regions of hypoxia occur during a range of diverse biological situations including embryogenesis

• The Wnt catenin signaling pathway is a

  2020-04-07

  

  The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is a downstream target of SOX9 and is involved in a variety of cellular responses, including cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation [14]. Several studies have identified the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway as essential for cartilage function, and it is

• The ubiquitin like modifier NEDD NEURAL PRECURSOR CELL

  2020-04-07

  

  The ubiquitin-like modifier NEDD8 (NEURAL PRECURSOR CELL EXPRESSED, DEVELOPMENTALLY DOWN-REGULATED 8) uses similar enzymatic machineries for NEDD8 conjugation as ubiquitin (Figure 1) [11, 12, 13, 14]. In plants as well as in other eukaryotes, the number of E3 ligases for NEDD8 and the number of know

• Like all other cellular processes ubiquitination

  2020-04-07

  

  Like all other cellular processes, ubiquitination is also tightly regulated; more so, as myriads of pathways are controlled via this conjugation and dysregulation of ubiquitination has been implicated in various diseases including cancer [16], [17]. Quite a few of such regulatory mechanisms that co

• br STAR Methods br Acknowledgments

  2020-04-07

  

  STAR★Methods Acknowledgments We are grateful to Matthias Mayer at ZMBH in Heidelberg for access to his CD-spectrometer and his help in data interpretation. Technical support by Wolfgang Weinig is gratefully acknowledged. This project was financially supported by the European Union as part of t

• The current study provides evidence for

  2020-04-07

  

  The current study provides evidence for a previously unknown role for DHODH as a growth/survival factor in KRAS mutant tumors. While many aspects of the link between DHODH inhibition and survival of KRAS mutant cells remain to be established, de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis appears to be a crucial p

• The presence of H PPases in

  2020-04-07

  

  The presence of H+-PPases in parasitic protists raises the question of the physiological role of these proteins. So far, they had been extensively characterized mainly in higher plants, and some prokaryotes [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [16], [20]. A common feature to all these organisms is tha

• br Acknowledgement This study was

  2020-04-07

  

  Acknowledgement This study was supported by Vetenskapsrådet, Sweden (Grant 2017-02918). Introduction Soybean is a major source of protein and oil used for food and feed, as well as for the production of industrial products like lubricants and hydraulic fluids (Choudhary and Tran, 2011; Hsien,

• During recent years two primary types of

  2020-04-07

  

  During recent years, two primary types of models have been applied for calculating various thermodynamic properties of amino T16Ainh - A01 solutions, i.e. excess Gibbs energy (gE) models used numerously to describe the solubility of amino acid solutions, and equations of state (EOS) models appropri

• br Conclusions br Acknowledgements This work

  2020-04-07

  

  Conclusions Acknowledgements This work was supported by funding from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (RGPIN-2017-06346 to JB), National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (5R01HD083930-02 to JB), and the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and

• Furthermore many intermediate plants did not show

  2020-04-07

  

  Furthermore, many intermediate plants did not show additive combinations of parental allozymes, which would be expected in F1 hybrids. The absence of some characteristic parental bands suggests that sexual reproduction has occurred among the hybrid plants. Genetic variations within and among the in

• Biochemically the primary function of

  2020-04-06

  

  Biochemically, the primary function of PPIP5K2 is 1-kinase-mediated phosphorylation of 5-IP7 to form 1,5-IP8 (Shears, 2018). To a lesser extent, PPIP5K2 also phosphorylates IP6 to produce 1-IP7. Furthermore, PPIP5K2 has been shown to catalyze a reverse reaction, that is, dephosphorylation of 1,5-IP8

• CCR is another chemokine receptor that

  2020-04-06

  

  CCR7 is another chemokine receptor that is upregulated in CLL [3], [61], [71], [96] and is believed to play a role in enabling cell entry into lymph nodes [97]. Higher mRNA and protein expression of CCR7 has been observed in unmutated compared to mutated IGHV CLL [46] and increased expression has be

• Introduction The number of patients with

  2020-04-06

  

  Introduction The number of patients with type 2 diabetes is increasing globally, and has become a serious public health problem. Type 2 diabetic patients exhibit a higher risk of bone fracture [1]. In addition, clinical studies have indicated that increased fracture risk is associated with long-ter

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