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br Conclusion Until recently astrocytes were
2021-09-14
Conclusion Until recently, astrocytes were recognized solely for their maintenance role in the regulation of LGX818 homeostasis. Nowadays, this idea has changed, it is clear that these cells play a crucial role in the regulation of neuronal activity and signal transmission. In particular, glial
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br According to WHO estimates diabetes continues to present
2021-09-14
According to WHO 2014 estimates, diabetes continues to present an increasing health risk to the global population, affecting 422 million individuals worldwide. Type 2 diabetes (T2D), which affects the vast majority (ca. 90%) of the diabetic population, occurs when the body cannot effectively utili
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LOXO-101 These and other observations presented in the elega
2021-09-13
These and other observations presented in the elegant, rigorous study by Thomas et al. (2018) clarify a puzzling enigma regarding the Rab specificities of yeast TRAPP complexes and further highlight an important though under-appreciated role for the C-terminal HVD of Rabs in GEF substrate selection.
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DNA methylation is a kind of epigenetic modifications that c
2021-09-13
DNA methylation is a kind of epigenetic modifications that can be described as a heritable alteration in gene expression, without any changes in the DNA sequence. Recent evidences suggest that the regulation of DNA methylation status is a frequent and early event in prostate carcinogenesis. For exam
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Lean mass is representative of
2021-09-13
Lean mass is representative of the muscle tissue mass equivalent of all the body parts containing water, excluding fat, bone minerals, and such substances which do not contribute to the NMR signal, such as hair, claws, etc. (ECHO-MRI (Houston, TX) user's manual). It was interesting that in the Bob-C
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The differential tissue and ligand dependent signaling descr
2021-09-13
The differential tissue- and ligand-dependent signaling described here has important implications for the therapeutic potential of synthetic GPR109A agonists for the treatment of atherosclerosis. The failure of MK-0354, a biased, partial GPR109A agonist, to activate signaling pathways upstream of va
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ICH induced striatal lesion produced a reduction of EAAT
2021-09-13
ICH-induced striatal lesion produced a reduction of EAAT1 expression analogous to the decreased glutamate uptake at 6 h. The combined reduction of excitatory amino dpn transporters and of glutamate uptake activity might explain the well-known glutamate excitotoxicity following brain ischemia (Rao et
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High energy adjusted free glutamate
2021-09-13
High energy-adjusted free glutamate intake among adults with high education level (above college) or high poverty income ratio (≥3.50) might be a consequence of the difference in intake of some foods such as vegetables and fruits, reflecting upon their socioeconomic status. Previous studies have sho
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br A myriad of receptors in WM To complicate
2021-09-13
A myriad of receptors in WM To complicate the picture, WM glia express numerous non-glutamatergic neurotransmitter receptors, a fact that is often underappreciated when considering pathophysiology. When examined in isolated optic nerve, a central WM tract completely devoid of neuronal synapses, r
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br Declarations of interest br Acknowledgements This work wa
2021-09-13
Declarations of interest Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81673321, 21506099), the State Key Laboratory of Drug Research (SIMM1705KF-13), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. BK20151541), and the Jiangsu Syne
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VS strategies have been building
2021-09-13
VS strategies have been building momentum in G4 drug discovery both as a low-cost enrichment step and as a lead development step in the discovery pipeline, which our laboratory has previously discussed [31]. Whereas traditional HTS methods rely on obtaining and screening hundreds or thousands of com
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This hypothesis is in line with our phylogenetic analysis
2021-09-13
This hypothesis is in line with our phylogenetic analysis of FBPase sequences which revealed that vertebrate FBP2 evolved significantly faster than FBP1 (Fig. 2). An average distance between FBP2 and ancestral vertebrate FBPase was higher than that for FBP1. Moreover, preliminary study on amphibia
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br Materials and methods br Results The
2021-09-13
Materials and methods Results The immunoblot analysis demonstrated the presence of similar immunoreactivity by liver FBPase in hepatic and renal extracts. These results indicate that FBPase is present in a similar amount in both tissues. Moreover, the analysis revealed that the antibody detect
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Similar to in vitro data in vivo studies have
2021-09-13
Similar to in vitro data, in vivo studies have also revealed modulation of TLR4-induced inflammatory responses by AEA. The proposed AEA reuptake inhibitor AM404 has been shown to attenuate TLR4-induced increases in plasma levels of IL-6 and IL-1β, the latter effect mediated by CB1 receptor activatio
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Different crystal structures of both HOs were reported and s
2021-09-11
Different crystal structures of both HOs were reported and showed that the three-dimensional structures of proteins (HO-1: PDB code 1N45, HO-2: PDB code 2QPP) are predominantly in an α-helical conformation, with the heme packed between two helices (distal and proximal), and present a remarkable stru
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