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In order to test the influence of
2021-10-15
In order to test the influence of the initial depolarization, experiments were performed, where the degree of chloride substitution was varied, either by adding n-Ringer to ASA 404 incubated in a sucrose Ringer or by suspending the cells directly in Ringers identical to the final composition in the
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br STAR Methods br Introduction Secretase is
2021-10-14
STAR★Methods Introduction γ-Secretase is a membrane-embedded proteolytic complex belonging to a diverse family of intramembrane-cleaving proteases and is composed of four integral membrane proteins: presenilin (PS), nicastrin (NCT), anterior pharynx-defective 1 (Aph-1), and presenilin enhancer
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LXRs are physiological regulators of
2021-10-14
LXRs are physiological regulators of cholesterol and lipid metabolism and influence glucose metabolism. In addition, they have been shown to repress transcription of certain pro-inflammatory genes (Jakobsson et al., 2012; Ogawa et al., 2005; Terasaka et al., 2005). Thus, LXRs can either activate or
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Donitriptan hydrochloride br Results and discussion The synt
2021-10-14
Results and discussion The synthesis of core aldehyde building block 2 commenced with known aldehyde 5. The Horner–Wadsworth-Emmons olefination of the latter (using commercially available 6) gave cinnamate ester 7. Facile hydrogenation of the double bond in 7 was achieved over Raney nickel withou
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A complimentary approach with Per
2021-10-14
A complimentary approach with Per2:Luc Firefly Luciferase exposed to hypoxia as well as with mBmal1:Luc circadian reporter cells in which we overexpressed variants of HIF-1α and HIF-2α revealed that hypoxia and HIFs can not only shorten the period but also decrease the amplitude of the clock (Figur
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br Mechanisms of HDAC inhibition
2021-10-14
Mechanisms of HDAC inhibition-dependent cardioprotection Multiple preclinical studies have demonstrated potent cardioprotective benefits of HDAC inhibition in murine models of myocardial stress, including I/R [19,25,29,30]. TSA reduces myocardial infarct size by up to 50% [19,25]. In addition, tr
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Eastern Guangdong is a Teochew dialect area We found that
2021-10-14
Eastern Guangdong is a Teochew dialect area. We found that subtype 1b (3.1%) in this region was significantly lower than in other areas. Subtype 1b began its spread from the central part of China out into the whole country through illegal blood donation in the mid-1990s (Lu et al., 2013) and is now
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br Author Contributions br Acknowledgments We thank Hiroyuki
2021-10-14
Author Contributions Acknowledgments We thank Hiroyuki Miyoshi, Makoto Nakanishi, Yoshikazu Johmura, Yuki Okada, Yoshinori Makino, Takashi Sutani, and Katsuhiko Shirahige for kindly providing materials and technical information, Shiho Takahashi-Kariyazono for technical advice, and all members
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Given the involvement of dysregulated
2021-10-14
Given the involvement of dysregulated S-nitrosylation in multiple pathological conditions, a number of approaches to regulate S-nitrosylation therapeutically are being tried in multiple indications [18]. In the lung, GSNO releasing compounds and GSNOR inhibitors are being considered as potential the
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br Conclusions br Acknowledgement br Introduction The macrop
2021-10-14
Conclusions Acknowledgement Introduction The macrophage is an important cell species that plays key roles in innate immune responses and inflammatory reactions through phagocytosis of foreign bodies and secretion of inflammatory mediators such as interleukin (IL)-1, tumor necrosis factor (T
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The difference in the expression of functional FFARs between
2021-10-14
The difference in the expression of functional FFARs between neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages suggests that the role of FFA2R may be restricted to the very early phase of acute inflammation where neutrophils are dominating players called into action, whereas GPR84 may have a broader functional
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Continuing studies of endocannabinoid ligands
2021-10-14
Continuing studies of endocannabinoid ligands at GPR55 reveal that virodhamine (O-arachidonylethanolamine) and AEA can act as a partial agonists at GPR55; at high micromolar concentrations can inhibit β-arrestin recruitment (Sharir et al., 2012). It is likely that there are allosteric as well as ort
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Since KYNA concentrations are increased by aerobic exercise
2021-10-14
Since KYNA concentrations are increased by aerobic exercise training, we have investigated if it plays a role in peripheral tissue metabolism. Here we show that KYNA regulates adipose tissue energy homeostasis through activation of Gpr35. Activation of this network stimulates the expression of lipid
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br Conclusion br Conflict of interest br Acknowledgments
2021-10-14
Conclusion Conflict of interest Acknowledgments This work was supported by an NRF grant (2016R1A2B4011196) from the Korea Research Foundation. Introduction Thymic epithelial tumors are rare, but they are the most common primary neoplasm of the thymus and of the anterosuperior mediastinu
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This connection is supported by studies in
2021-10-13
This connection is supported by studies in the SIV macaque model of HIV, where treatment with methamphetamine, which greatly enhances CNS dopamine levels (Truong, 2005); increased Rebastinib viral load. Methamphetamine also increased expression of the HIV co-receptor CCR5 in CNS macrophages, thereb
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