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br Results br Discussion Using primarily an electrophysiolog
2025-01-21

Results Discussion Using primarily an electrophysiological analysis of dysbindin-deficient hippocampal neurons in cultures and slices, we have uncovered a previously unreported role for dysbindin in enhancing CA3–CA1 AMPAR-mediated transmission. An earlier study, however, has reported a reduct
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Calcium entry through postsynaptic NMDARs activates intracel
2025-01-21

Calcium entry through postsynaptic NMDARs activates intracellular signaling cascades including Ca2+/calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and calcineurin. The spatiotemporal abundance of this Ca2+/CaM complex determines the direction of synaptic plasticity, resulting in LTP (Malinow
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Equimolar dNTP mix Furthermore to address the concern that t
2025-01-21

Furthermore, to address the concern that the observed positive in vitro activity results might be stymied by the propensity of such assays to display false positives due to the inherent noxiousness of the tested compounds, all analogs were evaluated against Vero cells in an MTT assay. Some of the mo
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br Conflict of interest br
2025-01-21

Conflict of interest Introduction Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major cause of tumor-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. Poor prognosis and consequences of its metastatic spread make CRC the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in western countries [1]. Apart from o
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With one exception all receptors for
2025-01-21

With one exception, all receptors for dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), and norepinephrine are metabotropic receptors. The five metabotropic DA receptors (D1–D5) in the CNS are involved in motivation, pleasure, cognition, learning, memory, fine motor control, and modulate neuroen
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It is also possible that adrenoceptor activation
2025-01-21

It is also possible that α2-adrenoceptor activation may inhibit glutamate accumulation by upregulating the glutamate-buffering activity of Müller ATP luciferase assay through EAAT1 or adjusting EAAT2 in bipolar cells, as well as the NMDA receptor. Therefore, we investigated whether topical administr
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NMS-E973 synthesis DAergic as well as GABAergic and glutamat
2025-01-21

DAergic, as well as GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons, send projections to target forebrain structures, such as the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and support diverse functional roles (Carr and Sesack, 2000a, Carr and Sesack, 2000b, Omelchenko and Sesack, 2009, Taylo
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The present work has implications for our
2025-01-21

The present work has implications for our thinking about the effects of antidepressant (e.g. SSRIs) use on maternal care in depressed mothers which consist of approximately 10–20% of all mothers (Gjerdingen and Yawn, 2007, Susser et al., 2016), and more than 40% of depressed mothers are prescribed w
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When added to the culture medium extracellular
2025-01-21

When added to the culture medium, extracellular ATP is metabolized into adenosine by ectonucleotidases, and ARs are then activated by adenosine with concentrations in the micromolar range [27]. However, our study showed that activation of ARs by exogenous adenosine could not induce the odontoblastic
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To better understand the pathophysiology of ASDs we would ne
2025-01-21

To better understand the pathophysiology of ASDs, we would need comprehensive information on a) the functions of ASD-associated proteins in the brain, b) how mutations affect the expression level and function of these proteins, c) how mutations affect their function in neurons, and d) how changed ne
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br Introduction ACK or Activated
2025-01-21

Introduction ACK1, or Activated Cdc42-Associated Kinase, located on chromosome 3q, is a ubiquitously expressed non-receptor tyrosine kinase cloned from a human closantel cDNA library (Manser et al., 1993). It was first identified to bind to activated Cdc42, a small Ras GTPase via its CRIB domain
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This raises an important question May the lack
2025-01-21

This raises an important question: May the lack of ethnolinguistic theories and of explicit references to language be related to the lack of contact with other groups and their languages? For the past few centuries at least, the Aché seem to have been culturally and linguistically isolated (Hill and
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There are several reports about
2025-01-21

There are several reports about the expression of AChRs and their modulation to osteogenic factors in osteoblasts (Rothem et al., 2011, Sato et al., 2010, Walker et al., 2001). The normal osteocytic MLO-Y4 mibefradil expressed multiple subtypes, which was demonstrated by the detection of M1, M2, M5
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Our study like that of
2025-01-21

Our study, like that of Zill et al. (2012) included European Caucasians, although their population was much smaller (n=162) and more heterogeneous (19–72years). Further, potential confounding or effect modification by other health, lifestyle or genetic factors was not considered. These differences m
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Ceftiofur HCl The H N mutation in
2025-01-21

The H373N mutation in exon 6 has not previously been reported [3], [4], [5], [6]; thus, this mutation appears to be a novel mutation. The functional expression study demonstrated that the H373N mutation results in almost complete loss of enzymatic activity. Thus, it is highly likely that the H373N m
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