• It has been recognized for decades that neurons in

  2024-04-03

  

  It has been recognized for decades that neurons in the mammalian central nervous system may release both a fast-acting, typically amino acid derived neurotransmitter such as glutamate or GABA, and a second peptidergic neuromodulatory molecule such as neuropeptide Y, substance P, or cholecystokinin.

• In humans the major LOs

  2024-04-03

  

  In humans, the major LOs are subdivided by their positional specificity into 5-(ALOX5), 12-(ALOX12) and 15-LO (ALOX15) (Kuhn et al., 2015). 5-LO is the key enzyme for LT biosynthesis and mainly found in mature cells from myeloid origin, including neutrophil, eosinophil and basophil granulocytes, mon

• This study does have several

  2024-04-03

  

  This study does have several limitations, mainly related to the DMSO vehicle. While DMSO is a known anti-inflammatory mediator,5, 12 it has been shown to upregulate ALOX5, which was not seen in this study (as we are likely underpowered to detect this difference). A manifestation of this anti-inflamm

• hydroxydopamine OHDA is a selective

  2024-04-03

  

  6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) is a selective catecholaminergic neurotoxin mainly used to generate lesions in the nigrostriatal pathway in rats (Ungerstedt, 1968). The most common use of 6-OHDA is via unilateral injection into the rat medial forebrain bundle (MFB). DA depletion, nigral DA cell loss, and

• HCC aetiology is multifactorial and the disease

  2024-04-03

  

  HCC aetiology is multifactorial and the disease is often preceded by other conditions including liver fibrosis and cirrhosis that are associated with HCV, HBV, alcoholic and non-alcoholic hepatitis. The discovery of new therapeutic targets will require a greater understanding of the pathogenic mecha

• Autophagy is a highly conservative intracellular bulk

  2024-04-03

  

  Autophagy is a highly conservative intracellular bulk degradation process including three major forms namely microautophagy, chaperone-mediated autophagy and macroautophagy. A large number of evidence has depicted a pivotal role for autophagy in the maintenance of cardiac geometry and contractile fu

• The identification of novel kinase inhibitor scaffolds is hi

  2024-04-03

  

  The identification of novel kinase inhibitor scaffolds is highly desirable in order to develop selective kinase inhibitors. Small-molecule inhibitors of Interleukin-2-inducible T-cell kinase (Itk) that are based on the 3-aminopyridin-2-one fragment 1 have been reported. Despite derivatisation of 1 y

• GABAB receptor is associated with brain and behavioral disea

  2024-04-03

  

  GABAB receptor is associated with Temafloxacin hydrochloride and behavioral diseases, including epilepsy, spasticity, anxiety and neuropathic pain (Bettler et al., 2004, Bowery et al., 2002, Froestl, 2010). Baclofen, a clinical drug and selective GABAB receptor agonist, is used to treat muscle spast

• Recently competitive inhibitors of arginase have been develo

  2024-04-03

  

  Recently, competitive inhibitors of arginase have been developed which have greater specificity for the enzyme. Initial development of these compounds involved determination of the crystal structure of arginase. Christianson and colleagues found that a binuclear manganese cluster was required for ca

• In previous years evidence emerged that inferred secondary

  2024-04-03

  

  In previous years, evidence emerged that inferred secondary metabolites in plants might exhibit a potential arginase inhibition [36]. In a recent study, Pham and co-workers showed the inhibitory activity of chlorogenic Fmoc-Ala-OH (7) and piceatannol (8) (Fig. 3b) on mammalian arginase with IC50s o

• br Introduction The apelin receptor angiotensin receptor lik

  2024-04-03

  

  Introduction The apelin receptor (angiotensin receptor-like 1, APJ) is a seven transmembrane receptor (7TMR) that belongs to the class A peptidergic G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) superfamily [1]. The endogenous ligands of APJ are the different isoforms of apelin (namely apelin-13, −17, and −

• br Experimental EPR spectra of probes a f were

  2024-04-03

  

  Experimental EPR spectra of probes 1a–f were recorded on a Bruker EMX-1572 operating at X-band (9.0–9.9 GHz), at 21 ± 1 °C. The EPR parameters were the same in all experiments: microwave power, 1 mW; modulation amplitude, 5 G; time constant, 10.24 ms; and conversion time, 40.96 ms. Reduced gluta

• br Acknowledgement br Introduction Estrogens play

  2024-04-03

  

  Acknowledgement Introduction Estrogens play an important role in the development and progression of breast cancer (McGuire et al., 1976; Clemons and Goss, 2001). 17β-Estradiol (E2), the most biologically active estrogen in breast tissue, functions via its nuclear receptors, estrogen receptor (

• In a missense mutation at codon of the PRNP gene

  2024-04-03

  

  In 1989, a missense mutation at codon 102 of the PRNP gene was first reported to be associated with GSS and, in 1991, the same mutation was also found in affected members of the “H” family (Hsiao et al., 1989; Kretzschmar et al., 1991). By 1995, the pedigree of the “H” family included 221 family mem

• br Experimental and computation Standard samples

  2024-04-03

  

  Experimental and computation Standard samples of artemisinin (1) and artemether (2) were purchased from China National Institutes for Food and Drug Control. Their ECD spectra, at a concentration of 1.0–5.0mg/mL in ethanol, were recorded in a quartz cuvette of 1mm optical path length using a Jasco

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